250 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
250 lines
9.6 KiB
Markdown
# OSM Asset Pipeline
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把单个园区/片区 OSM XML 转为可消费的 Blender 场景和 Cesium GLB。osm2streets GeoJSON、GeoPackage、QGIS 工程和预览图都是中间资产,用来提供道路几何、调试标线效果,以及给 Blender/Cesium 生成提供输入。
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## 目标产物
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每个区域默认输出到 `outputs/<area-id>/`:
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- `<area-id>.blend`:Blender 场景,包含道路、建筑、水体、植被等
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- `<area-id>.png`:Blender 预览渲染
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- `<area-id>.glb`:Cesium 可加载的 3D 模型
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- `<area-id>.json`:Cesium 放置元数据和示例代码
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- `<area-id>-cesium-preview.html`:Cesium 本地预览页
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- `<area-id>-compressed-webp768.glb/json/html`:显式 `compress` 阶段生成的可选压缩预览产物
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- `osm2streets_web_out/`:osm2streets GeoJSON 中间层
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- `<area-id>.gpkg` / `<area-id>.qgz` / `<area-id>-preview.png`:QGIS 调试资产
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## 环境
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需要:
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- macOS QGIS:默认 `/Applications/QGIS.app`
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- Blender:默认 `/Applications/Blender.app`
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- Node.js / npm
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首次使用:
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```bash
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cd /Users/que01/osm2streets-qgis-workflow
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npm install
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```
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## 主流程
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默认构建南台子湖创新谷样例:
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```bash
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npm run build
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```
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指定区域配置:
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```bash
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/hanyang-block.json
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```
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只跑部分阶段:
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```bash
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages intermediates
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages blender
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages cesium
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages preview
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages compress
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages reimport
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```
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`intermediates` 会生成 osm2streets GeoJSON、GeoPackage、QGIS 工程和 QGIS 预览图。`blender` 使用 OSM 和 osm2streets GeoJSON 生成 `.blend`/`.png`。`cesium` 从 `.blend` 导出 `.glb`/`.json`,并生成 Cesium 预览 HTML。`preview` 只在已有 `.glb/.json` 时补生成 HTML。`compress` 从已有 `.glb/.json/html` 生成并列压缩产物,不覆盖默认 GLB。`reimport` 把手工编辑过的 GeoPackage 回导为 GeoJSON,不含在 `all` 里,详见 [QGIS 手工修正工作流](#qgis-手工修正工作流)。
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`compress` 不含在 `all` 里,也不能从配置文件默认开启。需要重导出 Cesium 后立刻生成压缩产物时,显式跑:
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```bash
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npm run build:area -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages cesium,compress
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```
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## 区域配置
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新区域从模板复制:
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```bash
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cp config/examples/template.json config/areas/my-area.json
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```
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核心配置:
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```json
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{
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"id": "my-area",
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"input": "/absolute/path/to/input.osm",
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"outputRoot": "/absolute/path/to/outputs",
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"qgisApp": "/Applications/QGIS.app",
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"blenderApp": "/Applications/Blender.app",
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"stages": {
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"intermediates": true,
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"blender": true,
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"cesium": true
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},
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"qgis": {
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"arrowScale": 0.8,
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"arrowMergeTriangles": true,
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"arrowOutlineSimplifyMeters": 0.05,
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"intersectionCornerSourceMaxDimensionMeters": 2.6,
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"clipPad": 0.002,
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"canvasPad": 0.001,
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"previewPad": 0.0007,
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"canvasExtent": null,
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"previewExtent": null,
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"layerPrefix": "osm2streets"
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},
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"blender": {
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"treeStyle": "natural",
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"officeOverrides": ""
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},
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"compress": {
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"textureSize": 768,
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"quality": 82,
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"effort": 80,
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"meshopt": false
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}
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}
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```
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QGIS road-layer knobs:
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- `arrowScale`: scales osm2streets lane-arrow polygons before export.
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- `arrowMergeTriangles`: merges each osm2streets lane-arrow triangle mesh into one valid polygon. This preserves the original arrow shape and turn direction while removing renderer gaps along shared triangle edges.
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- `arrowOutlineSimplifyMeters`: removes sub-decimeter kinks from the merged arrow exterior. The default `0.05` removes the two malformed tail vertices without changing the arrow head; the remaining tail edge is aligned perpendicular to the shaft.
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- `intersectionCornerSourceMaxDimensionMeters`: keeps only small osm2streets `sidewalk corner` polygons. Large intersection-marking polygons are not treated as sidewalk because they can cover the drivable junction.
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`scripts/build-area.js` 会按 `id` 自动推导默认输出路径。确实需要定制时,可以增加 `outputs` 覆盖:
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```json
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{
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"outputs": {
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"areaDir": "/absolute/path/to/custom-area",
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"blend": "/absolute/path/to/custom.blend",
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"glb": "/absolute/path/to/custom.glb",
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"cesiumPreview": "/absolute/path/to/custom-preview.html",
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"compressedGlb": "/absolute/path/to/custom-compressed.glb"
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}
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}
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```
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预览 Cesium 页面时,需要在输出目录启动 HTTP 服务,避免浏览器拦截本地文件请求:
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```bash
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cd outputs/my-area
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python3 -m http.server 8765
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```
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然后打开 `http://localhost:8765/my-area-cesium-preview.html`。
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## 实验:车辆巡航
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`preview` 和 `cesium` 阶段会额外生成 `<area-id>-vehicle-route.json` 和 `<area-id>-vehicle-car.gltf`。路线文件从 OSM bounds 内的可行驶 `highway` way 提取道路中心线,并向右偏移约 1.3 米作为车辆行驶线,避免车辆压道路中心线。Cesium 预览页会加载多条道路段并显示多辆实验车辆循环巡航;`Vehicle` 下拉框决定 `Follow` 跟随哪一辆车。
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这是用于验证高精度巡航可用性的预览层功能,不会改变 Blender/GLB 主资产本身。车辆模型是无 logo 的轻量预览模型,生成在输出目录中。
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## 已沉淀区域
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- `config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json`
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- `config/areas/hanyang-block.json`
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## 低层命令
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通常优先使用 `npm run build:area`。如果只想调试旧 QGIS/osm2streets 阶段,可以直接运行:
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```bash
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npm run build:qgis -- --config config/hanyang-block.json
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```
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Blender 低层命令:
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```bash
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/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender \
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--background --factory-startup \
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--python blender/generate_scene.py -- \
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--osm "/path/to/input.osm" \
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--geojson "/path/to/osm2streets_web_out" \
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--output "/path/to/scene.blend" \
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--render "/path/to/preview.png" \
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--tree-style natural
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```
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`--tree-style` 可选 `natural`、`procedural`、`shapespark`。`shapespark` 使用
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`assets/models/custom/shapespark_plants/` 里的拆分低模植物资产;模型缺失时会回落到
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`natural`。
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Cesium GLB 低层导出:
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```bash
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/Applications/Blender.app/Contents/MacOS/Blender \
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--background \
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--python blender/export_cesium.py -- \
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--blend "/path/to/scene.blend" \
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--glb "/path/to/scene.glb" \
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--metadata "/path/to/scene.json"
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```
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详见 [blender/README.md](blender/README.md)。
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## 压缩 GLB
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推荐使用显式 `compress` 阶段。它不会覆盖默认 `<area-id>.glb`,只生成并列的压缩 GLB、
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metadata 和预览页:
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```bash
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npm run build:area -- \
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--config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json \
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--stages compress
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```
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底层脚本也可以单独调用:
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```bash
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npm run compress:glb -- \
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--input outputs/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.glb \
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--output outputs/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley-compressed-webp768.glb \
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--texture-size 768 \
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--metadata outputs/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json \
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--preview outputs/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley-cesium-preview.html
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```
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该脚本通过 `npx @gltf-transform/cli@4.1.4` 执行 `resize -> webp`。如需进一步压几何,
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可追加 `--meshopt`,但会引入 `EXT_meshopt_compression` / `KHR_mesh_quantization`,
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应先确认目标 Cesium 版本加载正常。
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## QGIS 手工修正工作流
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如果已经在现成的 `.qgz` 项目里直接编辑了 `gpkg` 图层,不要再重跑 `intermediates`,否则会把手工修改覆盖掉。推荐流程是:
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1. 在 QGIS 中打开 `outputs/<area-id>/<area-id>.qgz`
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2. 直接编辑项目内关联的 `gpkg` 图层并保存
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3. 跑 `reimport` 回导 GeoJSON 并重建场景,再接 `blender,cesium`
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南台子湖创新谷当前可直接使用下面这条命令:
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```bash
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npm run build -- --config config/areas/nantaizi-lake-innovation-valley.json --stages reimport,blender,cesium
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```
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`reimport` 阶段(`scripts/reimport-gpkg.js`)做两件事:
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- 把 `<area-id>.gpkg` 里的 9 个图层逐个导出到 `osm2streets_web_out/<layer>.geojson`
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- 按 `scripts/lib/scene-layers.js` 的图层表重建 `osm2streets_scene.geojson`(写入 `render_layer` / `z_index`)和 `osm2streets_scene_style.json`
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说明:
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- 这套流程假设你的手工修改已经保存在 `outputs/<area-id>/<area-id>.gpkg` 中
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- 所有图层先导出到临时目录并校验通过后才写回 `osm2streets_web_out/`;任一图层缺失或导出结果不是合法 FeatureCollection,整批都不落盘(`ogr2ogr` 遇到不存在的图层会留下 0 字节文件,直接覆盖会静默损坏数据)
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- `intermediates` 与 `reimport` 互斥,同时指定会直接报错:前者用 OSM 重建 `gpkg`,正好会抹掉后者要读回的手工修改
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- `blender,cesium` 阶段读取的是 `osm2streets_web_out/*.geojson`,不是直接读取 `gpkg`
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- 如果 Blender 当前环境不稳定,先确认 `geojson` 已完成回导,再单独排查 Blender 本身
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- 增删图层或调整 `z_index` 只需改 `scripts/lib/scene-layers.js`,构建、场景合并、场景样式、QGIS 工程会一并同步
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## 文档
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- [docs/input-cases.md](docs/input-cases.md) - 已验证的 OSM 输入案例
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- [docs/changelog.md](docs/changelog.md) - 变更记录
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